Our methods explained - Part 4: Tree test and navigation structure

Procedure

The tree testing process comprises the following steps:

1. Preparation: the information architecture of the website or application is translated into a simplified tree structure representing the main categories, subcategories and content. This structure is often created using spreadsheet programs or specialized design tools.
2. Task definition: Test tasks simulate real scenarios in which users find themselves when navigating through the website or application. These tasks should be specific and measurable and are designed to find specific information within the tree structure.
3. Conducting the test: participants are given the test tasks and the simplified tree structure. They are asked to navigate through the tree by selecting the categories and subcategories that they believe will lead them to the right place to solve each item. These steps are usually carried out using online tools or specialized software.
4. Data analysis: The user interactions and selection decisions of the participants are recorded and analyzed. The analysis focuses on identifying patterns of success and failure. These include the paths chosen, the time taken and the accuracy of task completion. This data helps to identify potential problems in the information architecture and usability.

Special features

The special features of tree testing are:

• Simplicity: The method focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the hierarchical structure. Therefore, a simplified presentation without visual design elements or distractions is usually used.
• Findability and navigation: The main objective is to evaluate how easily users can find and navigate specific content within the defined tree structure.
• Iterative improvement: The results of tree testing can enable iterative improvements to the information architecture. The aim is for users to find desired content better and faster.

Advantages and benefits

The advantages and benefits of a tree test in the laboratory are:

• Early detection of usability problems: By evaluating the information architecture before investing in visual design or development, potential usability issues can be identified and addressed early in the design process.
• Objective evaluation: Tree testing provides objective data on users' ability to navigate the hierarchical structure. This provides valuable insights for improving findability and organization.
• Cost and time savings: Compared to other usability testing methods, tree testing is relatively quick and inexpensive. This enables tests with a larger number of participants.

Tools

Tree testing can be largely automated using tools. However, an expert is still essential for interpreting the data. 

• UXtweak: This is our personal favorite. The test setup is very quick and intuitive and can even be done by UXtweak based on the website. 
• Qatalyst: Qatalyst is a user research platform that also offers a tree testing function. 
• Userberry: Userberry is also a holistic user research platform that offers several functions for tree testing.
• Optimal Workshop: Optimal Workshop offers a specific tool that was developed for tree testing. It scores with an intuitive interface, automated evaluation and a benchmarking function.
• UXMetrics: UXMetrics is focused on making tree testing as simple as possible - even for inexperienced researchers. Another plus: there is a free version.